In a serious bushfire, almost any plant can become fuel — there’s really no such thing as a truly fire-resistant garden. But with smart design and ongoing maintenance, you can reduce the risk to your home and garden.
The way you arrange plants matters more than the specific plants you choose. Aim to create separation between fine fuels like leaves, twigs, and bark. These light, flammable materials ignite easily and help fires move fast. Keep shrubs spaced well apart. Prune anything that might act as a “fuel ladder”, such as high growth on shrubs or low-hanging tree branches that allow fire to climb into taller vegetation.
Using non-flammable materials like pavers, gravel, or lawn between planting zones helps break up fuel loads. Opt for gravel or groundcovers instead of woodchip or straw mulch in garden beds. Keep areas near your house especially clear — remove all dead plant material and don’t allow plants to grow under decks, against walls, near windows, or overhanging the roof.
When choosing plants, look for those with open branching, smooth bark, large fleshy leaves, and little to no strong aroma. Avoid species that retain dry or dead material, and steer clear of vines altogether. The Victorian Country Fire Authority’s interactive plant selection key is a helpful guide.
Regular maintenance through the fire season is key — remove fallen leaves and dead growth often. Keep your garden and lawns well-watered (visit Water Smart page for information on water tank rebates).